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电视腹腔镜胆囊切除术

发表于 2009-08-29 和 10:06:43 | 作者: admin

什么是电视腹腔镜胆囊切除术?
　　电视腹腔镜胆囊切除术（简称TVLC）属于一种微创外科手术，是现代高科技与传统外科技术结合的产物。TVLC是在建立CO2气腹后电视监视下进行的一种手术操作，具有创伤小、痛苦轻、住院时间短、恢复快的特征，是传统的开腹胆囊切除术所不能比拟的。

通过腹腔镜结石是否可以取尽？
　　可以的。与传统的开腹手术一样，TVLC手术的基本过程是解剖胆囊三角区结构，离断并夹闭胆囊管、胆囊动脉，然后切除包括结石在内的整个胆囊。如果胆囊体积过大，可将胆囊移至腹壁穿刺口，切开胆囊，吸引器吸出胆汁，或夹出结石，胆囊塌陷后即能将其取出体外。

腹腔镜手术会不会损伤内脏？
　　不会的。腹腔镜手术中，腹腔注入CO2，使腹部均匀性膨胀形成气腹，腹腔空间距离拉大，肝脏上移，在电视屏幕上能清晰地显示各内脏器官，连细小的血管都显示很清楚，有利于医生很仔细、耐心地做手术，不会损伤内脏的。

　　 腹腔镜手术后会不会留下显眼的切口疤痕？

　　不会。通常开腹手术后，腹壁往往留下一条蜈蚣一样的切口疤痕，有损美观，在功能上，如弯腰用力等，也可能给生活和工作带来不良影响，甚至有疤痕疙瘩或痛性疤痕的后遗症。做腹腔镜手术时腹壁的四个穿刺孔，两个为１Cm长，缝一针即可，另两个仅0.5Cm，不必缝合即可愈合。所以根本不存在显眼的切口疤痕，有些病人手术三个月后，腹壁上甚至找不到任何痕迹。

腹腔镜手术后恢复到底有多快？
　　一般在术后6～8小时可下床活动，最快1.5小时即可下床，术后第一天就可进食流汁。经适当输液、抗炎治疗三天，术后4～5天即可拆线出院。

胆囊炎、胆囊结石和息肉的患者有必要切除胆囊吗？
　　有必要。炎症、结石引起的痛疼等症状影响日常生活。反复发作，胆囊将丧失功能，有发生积脓或破裂的可能，造成机体更大的损伤甚至威胁生命。胆囊内的结石坠入胆总管导致胆总管结石，手术风险加大，住院时间延长。另外，胆囊息肉或结石的长期刺激，有可能恶变成胆囊癌。

切除胆囊后对健康有何影响？
　　胆囊的作用是储藏、浓缩胆汁，是个容器。胆汁是帮助消化脂肪类食物的。患胆囊结石和胆囊炎后，胆囊就丧失了这些功能，成为一个病痛的根源。胆囊切除后，胆囊的这些功能由胆总管代偿，所以切除胆囊后不影响健康，经过短时间适应后，就可以和正常人一样生活。

TVLC手术的适应症：
　　1) 有症状或无症状的胆囊结石。2) 有症状的慢性胆囊炎。3) 直径<3Cm的胆囊结石。4) 充满型的胆囊结石。5) 有手术指征的胆囊隆起样病变，如胆囊息肉。6) 急性胆囊炎经治疗后症状缓解有手术指征者。7) 估计病人对手术的耐受性良好者。

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  2. teagraceque
    (2010年09月4日 at 2:03 下午)

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  24. MawgagLoonveM
    (2010年09月4日 at 7:32 下午)

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